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An Overview of a Minor Cannabinoid CBDv

Cannabidivarin (CBDv) is a cannabinoid found in cannabis. Non-psychoactive, it produces no high but is one of over 100 hundred cannabinoids found within cannabis with unique benefits. There are typically high levels of CBDv in cannabis located in northwest India and Nepal.

There have been a few animal and human tests about the possible health effects CBDv could provide. Research is still in the early stages, but preliminary results indicate there are positive therapeutic effects CBDv could bring to someone’s life.

Though CBDv’s molecular structure and makeup is similar to Cannabidiol (CBD), both compounds bring different types of relief compared to one another. CBDv has been found to have both anticonvulsant and antiepileptic properties. This fact indicates that it could help individuals struggling with neurological disorders.

There is the potential for CBDv to bring relief to individuals with Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy. CBDv is thought to reduce the intensity and length of seizures. The cannabinoid could also prevent convulsions when an individual does experience a seizure.

Researchers are currently looking into the benefits CBDv could have on individuals who have disorders like Rett syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder as well.

CBDv, like many of the minor cannabinoids, shows potential to prevent nausea and vomiting and has been a helpful tool for chemotherapy patients. It is currently being researched in depth because of all the new and hopeful information arising from other studies. From what researchers know now about cannabinoids, cannabidivarin has the potential of giving patients a new quality of life.

By Andrea, published on echoconnection.org

CBD Oil for Dogs

CBD dispensaries have popped up in many states all over the country in people’s hunt for wellness. But CBD oil can also be used to help dogs with anxiety and other issues. What is CBD and how does it work? And, will it give your dog the munchies? First, let’s define some of the terms that can be confusing.

“Cannabidiol, also known as CBD, is a cannabinoid — a naturally occurring compound found in both hemp and cannabis (cannabis is also referred to as marijuana),” says Jodi Ziskin, director of communications with Treatibles in Petaluma, California.

Hemp and marijuana are “Both members of the Cannabis sativa plant and share similarities but have very distinct differences due to each plant’s biological structure,” says Jon Neveloff, partner with King Kanine in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Consider that a rice cake and rice pudding are from the same plant but quite different.

“CBD is one of hundreds of compounds found in cannabis. It is the most prevalent compound in hemp, a special strain of cannabis that has only trace amounts of THC, the substance in medical and recreational strains of hemp that is associated with psychoactive effects,” says Joey DiFrancesco, CEO, and founder of LolaHemp in New York City. This is crucial because THC can be toxic to pets. (For more THC specifics, see “Why the Farm Bill Matters” on page 38.) “CBD is non-psychoactive,” Joey adds. It won’t get your dog high in any way.

Hemp Oil vs CBD Oil

Both CBD oil and hemp oil come from the same plant, but CBD oil comes from the flowers, leaves, and stalk of the hemp plant, while hemp oil comes from the seeds of industrialized hemp plant.

Hemp oil is a nutritional supplement full of nutrients that can be used in cooking and for moisturizing — like in soaps or lotions. It has a variety of other manufacturing uses, such as making plastic and as a bio-diesel fuel.

CBD oil is a supplement used for medicinal purposes, like treating various conditions, such as inflammation and anxiety, among others.

Help for anxiety

Many owners report benefits to using CBD oil for dogs, and CBD oil has been recommended to assist with many ailments that plague our furry friends, including anxiety.

“The most common conditions that relate to anxiety include location and separation anxiety, as well as noise phobias,” says Annie Chrysler, CBD specialist, and product manager with SpaRoom based in Cleveland, Ohio. “For example, CBD oil can provide noticeable relief to dogs who demonstrate car ride anxiety or who experience anxiety when visiting the veterinarian’s office. CBD oil can also provide noticeable relief for dogs who have noise sensitivities such as fireworks and thunderstorms.”

Amanda Howland, co-founder and CTO of ElleVet Sciences in Portland, Maine, explains further. “Pain and anxiety are so interrelated in dogs that we wanted to have both a profound anti-anxiety effect and an extremely effective pain management effect, to help the pet feel better in every way.”

Angie Krause, DVM, with Boulder Holistic Vet in Boulder, Colorado, says in her experience CBD is consistently effective for treating dogs with mild to moderate anxiety. “For severe generalized anxiety, I have more success with drugs like Prozac,” she adds.

So how does it work? It’s based on science; the same science that explains how CBD works with man and man’s best friend, who have some biology in common. That’s because all mammals have an endocannabinoid system (ECS.)

Jillian Dutson, marketing and advertising manager with Pet Releaf, based in Littleton, Colorado, explains. “When your dog consumes CBD, his ECS is activated. The ECS works as a two-way communication system with various systems in the body such as the immune, nervous and digestive systems just to name a few. This two-way communication allows these parts of the body to speak to one another to help them function at optimal levels of health.”

And there’s more to it: “Although further studies are needed, initial findings show that CBD binds to a number of endocannabinoid receptors,” says Lauren Brychell, marketing coordinator for a CBD company in Charlotte, North Carolina. “These receptors regulate everything from inflammation to pain perception, and CBD has shown the ability to potentially raise dopamine levels and improve mood while reducing symptoms of anxiety.”

Speaking of studies, “Most of the research done on cannabidiol, indeed cannabis writ large, has taken place outside of veterinary research, which is not uncommon, as vet research typically lags behind human medicine,” Joey says.

More benefits and dosage

There are many common uses for CBD oil in dogs, other than anxiety. “I use CBD for dogs with seizures, arthritis, cancer, pain, chronic inflammation, and allergies,” Dr. Krause says.

Joey, too, cites success in using CBD for the Big C. It can “Shrink tumors in several types of cancer both because it appears to have antitumorigenic properties of its own and because it appears to enhance the effectiveness of some chemotherapy agents.”

CBD oil has also been used to treat the following ailments:

Sleep issues
Vomiting and nausea
Muscle spasms
Glaucoma
Digestive issues and appetite loss
Skin conditions

As with any supplement or medication, getting the correct dose is crucial. Many of the manufacturers state dosing suggestions should be determined based on each dog’s individual stats and condition. Some suggest generic guidelines as a starting point: 1 mg per 10 pounds of body weight twice a day; Dr. Krause recommends 0.5 mg/kg of CBD twice daily for anxiety.

Of course, always get input from your dog’s vet on any treatment. “First, many symptoms that CBD may help with can be an indication of a deeper and more serious medical problem that needs to be treated,” Joey says. “Second, CBD oil can interfere with the metabolization of other drugs (in a similar way that grapefruit does). Third, the answer to dosing questions is dependent on what condition is being addressed.”

And don’t assume you and Fido are in for a quick fix. “While some dog owners may notice an immediate difference in their pet, we suggest waiting two to three weeks to see the full effects,” Lauren says.

Giving to your dog

Whatever the dosage, you have a couple of options on how to administer CBD oil: topically or ingested. But which is better?

“The answer ultimately depends on the individual dog,” Annie says. “More commonly, topical application can provide a more localized sense of relief, such as pain relief in the hips and legs. Ingesting can provide a broader sense of relief, such as separation anxiety relief.”

Angela Ardolino, founder, and CEO of CBD Dog Health in Tampa, Florida, lists other conditions that lend themselves to direct applications. “It has incredible benefits for skin issues, including allergies, hot spots, bug bites, skin tumors, warts, and cysts when applied topically,” she says.

If you do decide to go the oral route you have more choices here, too. According to Angela, “The best way to administer CBD is to lift the dog’s lip and administer it right onto the gums (it is absorbed through capillaries in the gums).” Putting it under the tongue is also common. CBD oil can be mixed in with your dog’s food or treats made with CBD oil.

It may come down to what your dog — and wallet — prefer. “The oils and treats that I use in the practice have the same hemp extract in both,” Dr. Krause says. “The oil is more cost-effective.”

Sharing the pros and cons

If you have other pets at home with similar conditions, they may also benefit from the same product your dog uses — with different dosages, of course. “There is a big difference in dosing for dogs and cats,” Amanda says. “Cats are not small dogs! The half-life in cats is extremely short, meaning they metabolize it very quickly. We have very specific dosing for dogs and for cats based on science.”

According to Colette Florido, founder, and president of CR Pets Thrive in St. Petersburg, Florida, says, “A high-quality CBD product will work equally well for both cats and dogs. The main difference you’ll find between options for cats and dogs is what other flavors are combined with the CBD, knowing that each pet has their preferences.”

Some CBD products for cats come in catnip or fish flavors, while beef or peanut butter flavors are used for dogs.

The most important part about sharing CBD oil is to never share products made for humans with your dog or any other pets. “It is vital to make sure that the oil you are buying is not just a human product with a paw print on the label,” Angela says. “Human products may contain artificial flavoring, like xylitol, that is toxic to dogs.”

Joey gave a flavor-specific example of toxicity. “Wintergreen oil, which is perfectly fine for people and probably won’t bother a dog, is potentially toxic to cats. It is commonly found in CBD products made for people.”

There is much more research to be done on using CBD oil for your dog but hopefully, you now know more about how it works and how it might help. And just to confirm: CBD oil won’t give your dog the munchies. If your dog is craving Scooby snacks, it has nothing to do with a supplement.

Reprinted from an article by Elizabeth Anderson Lopez

What Is Full-Spectrum Hemp Oil and Why is it Important?

What is Full-Spectrum Hemp Oil and Why is it Important?

Full-spectrum hemp oil refers to when the pure oil extracted from hemp contains all the same cannabinoids and compounds found in the original hemp plant. Unlike isolated or synthetic cannabinoids, full-spectrum hemp oil contains an array of cannabinoids, as well as many essential vitamins and minerals, fatty acids, protein, chlorophyll, fiber, flavonoids, and terpenes.

Cannabinoids

Full-spectrum hemp oil contains dozens of cannabinoids. The most abundant cannabinoid found in hemp oil is cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive compound shown to have many benefits in studies. CBD makes up over 90% of the cannabinoid content in full-spectrum hemp oil.

Hemp oil also contains cannabinoid cannabidiolic acid (CBDa). In live hemp, CBDa is more abundant than CBD. Often times hemp oil will undergo a heating process called decarboxylation, which changes CBDa into CBD and offers those seeking the highest levels of CBD a more ideal product.

Other more major cannabinoids found in full-spectrum include cannabigerol (CBG), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and cannabinol (CBN). You can learn more about these cannabinoids and what studies have so far discovered about their potential therapeutic benefits here.

Vitamins and Minerals

Extracted full-spectrum hemp oil also contains a wide list of naturally occurring vitamins and minerals. Present are vitamins A, C, and E., and well as B complex vitamins like riboflavin, thiamine, and niacin. Hemp oil is also a source of vitamins that are commonly not sufficiently present in many diets, including beta-carotene.

Minerals are essential for a variety of bodily functions, nerve function, and metabolic processes. They’re also important for building strong bones and the health of our blood, skin, and hair. Full-spectrum hemp oil contains minerals like magnesium, zinc, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and iron.

Essential Fats and Protein

Hemp oil is a healthy source of protein, which is instrumental in building and repairing tissues. Health officials recommend refraining from regularly eating red meat because it’s higher in saturated fat, but hemp oil is a heart-healthy source of all 20 amino acids, including the nine essential amino acids that must be provided through the diet.

Essential fatty acids are necessary for maintaining heart and cardiovascular health. The two primary essential fatty acids — Omega 3 and Omega 6 — are ideally consumed at a ratio of around 3:1. Unfortunately, in the typical American diet, that ratio is close to 25:1. Full-spectrum hemp oil offers the two essential fatty acids in the optimal 3:1 ratio.

Why is Full-Spectrum Hemp Oil Important?

The health benefits of full-spectrum hemp go beyond it being a source of CBD. The array of cannabinoids and other natural constituents found in full-spectrum hemp oil work have been shown in studies to work together in what’s referred to as the “entourage effect.” Together, these compounds work harmoniously to magnify their therapeutic properties. The complex mix of cannabinoids, essential nutrients, protein, and healthy fats work synergistically to encourage homeostasis and balance in our health.

Republished from an article in ECHO

4 Differences Between CBD and THC

4 Differences Between CBD and THC

Of the more than 100 different cannabinoids so far identified in cannabis plants like hemp, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are the most abundant and best understood. Cannabinoids are a class of compounds unique to cannabis. Because they mimic the body’s own endocannabinoids, they can interact with our endocannabinoid system and alter neurotransmitter release in the brain.

Because of the lingering stigma around cannabis, a common misconception is that THC is the “bad” cannabinoid and CBD is the “good” cannabinoid. Scientists have found both to have therapeutic properties, and there’s evidence that they’re able to work synergistically with each other and the other constituents found in cannabis to maximize their natural effects.

Still, there are distinct differences between the two. Here we take a look at the four major differences:

1. THC Can Cause a High, CBD Cannot

For consumers of cannabinoids, one of the key differences between THC and CBD is whether they cause a high.

THC is psychoactive. It is the cannabinoid that’s responsible for eliciting the euphoric effect when users consume medical marijuana.

CBD is non-psychoactive. No matter how much is consumed, CBD cannot cause a high. In fact, CBD suppresses the psychoactive properties of THC.

2. THC Dominates Marijuana, CBD Dominates Hemp

While THC and CBD are each found in various concentrations in both types of cannabis plants — hemp and marijuana – THC is most plentiful in marijuana and CBD is present in higher quantities in hemp.

THC dominates marijuana’s chemical makeup. In general, marijuana plants are carefully cultivated with the intent of maximizing their concentration of THC.

Hemp’s chemical makeup, however, is dominated by CBD. Hemp is naturally abundant in CBD and contains only trace amounts of THC (no more than 0.3%), well below the psychoactive threshold.

3. THC is Prohibited Under Federal Law, CBD Is Not

In the United States, THC and marijuana are specifically listed as controlled substances under the Controlled Substances Act and therefore prohibited. Twenty-nine states and the District of Columbia, however, have passed their own laws permitting the use of medical marijuana containing THC if a licensed physician recommends it. Eight of those states and the District of Columbia have gone a step further and passed laws permitting marijuana with THC for personal use.

CBD is not specifically listed in the Controlled Substances Act. This means that the cannabinoid is federally legal, provided that it’s derived from hemp and not marijuana. CBD oil made from marijuana is prohibited federally, but CBD hemp oil products are legal under federal law. Some states have passed their own policies regulating CBD or hemp, but more often than not, hemp-derived CBD is legally accessible in the U.S.

4. THC Activates Cannabinoid Receptors, CBD Does Not

All cannabinoids, including plant-derived compounds like THC and CBD, interact with the endocannabinoid system through its two receptors – CB₁ and CB₂. The endocannabinoid system regulates the body’s homeostasis, or general state of balance, impacting many of our functions like pain, mood, sleep, and appetite.

THC is considered an agonist of the endocannabinoid system’s CB₁ and CB₂ receptors because it binds with and activates them.

CBD is considered an indirect antagonist of cannabinoid agonists. This means that it blocks the two receptors, thereby suppressing the CB₁ and CB₂ activating qualities of cannabinoids like THC.

It’s through these interactions that the two cannabinoids are able to trigger chemical responses and augment the endocannabinoid system as it works to keep our systems in balance.

Republished from an article in ECHO

CBD and Sleep

CBD and SLEEP

Studies have shown that as many as 60 percent of CBD users cite insomnia as the main reason they take CBD, and other studies have cited CBD’s ability to aid with stress and anxiety that can exacerbate sleep issues. But does CBD really make you sleepy?

The Endocannabinoid System

There is still some debate over whether CBD actually induces sleep or drowsiness. We do know that CBD interacts with our endocannabinoid system to help our bodies achieve homeostasis or balance. Homeostasis can lead to less stress and a feeling of overall relaxation and well-being, which could, in turn, improve sleep quality. The endocannabinoid system is a cellular-signaling network that plays a role in our mood, pain, appetite, and almost every physiological process in the body. Researchers are still learning more about the calming effects of CBD, but know that CBD interacts with many different brain chemicals and receptors, and these interactions influence a variety of functions, including sleep.

CBD and Sleep Research

Research on CBD and sleep is currently somewhat inconclusive. In a 2013 study in the Journal of Psychopharmacology, scientists found that mice given smaller amounts of CBD became more active, but higher doses did make the mice drowsy. A much earlier study published in 1981 found that subjects who received CBD slept longer and more deeply with fewer interruptions.

However, a 2016 study found that CBD activates neurons in the hypothalamus, which actually promotes alertness, meaning CBD could actually make you feel more focused and awake. A 2018 study found that CBD did not alter the sleep patterns of individuals with already healthy sleep cycles. A 2017 review of all literature related to CBD and sleep concluded that CBD does have potential as a treatment for REM sleep behavior disorder and excessive daytime sleepiness.

Should I Try CBD for Insomnia? In conclusion, CBD may help with many of the underlying causes of insomnia or other sleep issues, and for many, may provide effective relief. More research is needed to find out exactly why so many find CBD effective for sleep issues, and ultimately, each person’s experience with CBD is unique.

Republished from an article in ECHO

CBD for Seniors

Benefits of CBD for Seniors

Health deterioration is an almost unavoidable part of the aging process, often leading many seniors to turn to a variety of pharmaceutical drugs with complicated side effects. Many senior citizens are instead turning to CBD and are discovering the positive effects on their overall wellness and vitality.

Here are just a few of the common way’s seniors can benefit from CBD.

1. Joint Swelling and General Pain Relief

Most seniors will at some point deal with aches and pains and joint soreness. Several studies have shown CBD to be a promising treatment for joint pain as well as its underlying causes. This is because CBD attaches itself to the CB-2 receptors, reducing inflammation and alleviating discomfort in almost any part of the body. The overall relaxation effects of CBD can also provide tremendous benefit for overall pain relief.

2. Brain and Vascular Health

Scientists are beginning to understand CBD’s potential to support brain and vascular health and aid in post-injury recovery. A study in Neuropharmacology revealed that rats administered with CBD experienced improvement in brain excitotoxicity and neurobehavioral function, and a 2015 study in Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism demonstrated CBD’s promise as a “neuroprotectant”, with positive pharmacological effects.

3. Sleep Disorders

Quality sleep is necessary for health and vitality, especially as one gets older, and sleep issues are common among seniors. CBD has been shown to decrease chronic muscle spasms caused by neuromuscular disorders or random spastic episodes that can often interrupt sleep. Furthermore, CBD helps maintain homeostasis in our body’s endocannabinoid system, which can increase sleep quality and regulate sleep stability.

4. Heart Health

Studies show that CBD has tremendous benefit for our cardiovascular system in several ways. First, it causes vasorelaxation in our arteries, which can support healthy blood pressure and increase blood flow to the heart. In addition, it’s been shown to alleviate ischemic tissue damage, which can prevent the heart from receiving enough oxygen. CBD does not have to be smoked and can instead be consumed through oils and tinctures, making consumption for seniors easy and healthy. It can also be more cost-effective than using pharmaceuticals and produce fewer side effects.

Republished from an article in ECHO

Absorption of CBD into the Body

How CBD Enters the body

There are exciting results from recent studies on cannabidiol by scientists depicting how CBD interacts with our endocannabinoid receptors throughout the body to bring out the balancing and healing effects. Studies suggest that CBD may be able to minimize and even eliminate seizure activity, reduce anxiety and depression, manage pain, fight some cancers and provide anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects on the nervous system. This could potentially be beneficial for conditions like Alzheimer’s disease and arthritis. For non-psychoactive CBD to help with any problem it must be absorbed correctly into your system.

For CBD to work it must enter the bloodstream. Once in the bloodstream, it can move throughout the body thus interacting with and impacting the cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors, while also affecting non-cannabinoid receptors within your body.

There are several methods for taking CBD. The method you use to get it into your bloodstream will affect how well it works for you, it can be swallowed, put on food or in a drink, placed sublingually under the tongue, smoked or vaped, or put in a tropical cream.

There are several methods to take CBD. The method you use to get it into your bloodstream will affect how well it works for you, it can be swallowed, put on food or in a drink, placed sublingually under the tongue, smoked or vaped, or put in a tropical cream.

CBD Ingestion

The most common route of CBD oil administration is oral. When CBD is ingested, it is absorbed by the digestive system. Once the CBD compounds enter the stomach they are carried into the liver and the livers enzymes reduce the CBD compounds concentration before moving them into the bloodstream. While taking CBD by oral ingestion directly into the stomach is the easiest way to take CBD it isn’t the best method. However, studies have shown that taking CBD with fatty acids can help increase the levels absorbed through ingestion.

Sublingual Method

If CBD oil is held under the tongue for 30 to 60 seconds before being swallowed, the mucous membranes in the mouth can absorb the compounds. This sublingual method allows CBD to completely bypass the digestive system and liver metabolism, so the compounds can avoid being broken down by enzymes and reach the bloodstream more quickly.

Absorption After Inhalation

When CBD oil is inhaled, such as through smoking or vaping, the compounds are absorbed through the air passageway in the lungs, which has a large absorptive surface area. Once through the air passageway, the CBD molecules are immediately transferred into the bloodstream. Compared to ingestion, the inhalation method allows more CBD to be absorbed and offers faster absorption. Be aware this method also can lead to dry throat and coughing.

Absorption After Topical Application

When CBD oil is applied topically, or directly to the skin, it never reaches the bloodstream but can be absorbed through the skin’s surface to interact with nearby endocannabinoid receptors. Human skin, in general, has low permeability, which means it blocks most substances from entering. The skin has a particularly low absorption rate for cannabinoids, so the application of CBD balms, salves, and lotions needs to be heavy enough to overcome this barrier. It appears that when mixed with other enhancer’s such as Menthol or Lidocaine CBD travels through the skin and functions to a greater degree for relief.

Whichever method you choose it is important to use the product on a consistent basis and dosage for best results.

Republished from an article in ECHO

What is CBD and How Does it Work?

CBD (Cannabidiol) is a compound found in the Cannabis plant. It can be used in several different ways including vaping, CBD Oils and tinctures, capsules, and edibles.

Unlike its close relative, THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol), CBD is completely non-intoxicating This allows us to benefit from the many health properties of the Cannabis plant without the negative side effects of “getting high.” Because of this, CBD became a very popular option for those seeking a natural alternative to treat conditions such as chronic pain, multiple sclerosis, PTSD, epilepsy, and other disorders.

At first, many were skeptical, thinking that a natural compound, let alone a Cannabis-compound, could effectively treat such a wide range of conditions. But as medical researchers learned more, and the stories from tens of thousands of people began to stack up, the truth was undeniable––CBD works.

So, how exactly does CBD work?

For starters, CBD inherits many of the medicinal properties of Cannabis such as being anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiolytic. This allows it to provide natural stress, anxiety, and pain relief. But this alone isn’t what allows CBD to benefit so many conditions.

What allows it to effectively treat so many conditions, and maintain health and wellness in the body, is how the cannabinoids found in CBD interact with receptors throughout our body.

Next let’s talk about the Endocannabinoid System.

The Endocannabinoid System

In 1988, the first cannabinoid receptor was discovered in the brain of a rat. Researchers found that these receptors reacted specifically to THC and were found primarily found in regions of the brain responsible for mental and physiological processes such as memory, high cognition, emotion, and motor coordination.

Two years later, in 1993, the second cannabinoid receptor was found as part of the immune and central nervous systems. It was then that researchers started to realize that they may have been onto something, but these receptors were only found in rodents, so what’s the big deal, right?

Fast forward to 1995, researchers discovered that these receptors, now officially referred to as the CB1 receptor and CB2 receptor, were found not only in rats, but within thousands of other species, including humans.

Thanks to advancements in technology and knowledge and tons of clinical trials, researchers were able to reverse engineer what they’d discovered, trace back through the metabolic pathways of various cannabinoids, and uncover an entirely unknown signaling system between the CB1 and CB2 receptors in our bodies and receptors found in Cannabis compounds, which they called “endocannabinoids.”

Due to the role of endocannabinoids in this system, the system was officially named the Endocannabinoid System (ECS). As researchers learned more about the ECS, they discovered that it was a vital component in maintaining the body’s homeostasis, which is the ideal balance between interdependent elements in the body.

To give you an idea of how the ECS helps maintain homeostasis, let me give you an example. When we become stressed, our mind releases cortisol, which is the compound responsible for how we feel when we are stressed. Cortisol can be helpful when we need to react quickly to a dangerous situation; however too much disrupts the natural balance of our body and mind can result in serious health problems.

When certain endocannabinoids are introduced into the body, it not only helps provide stress relief, it helps manage our perception of stress so that we can look at the situation with a clear mind and make the best decision.

With all the scientific jargon, this last section may have been a little confusing. So just to clarify… Scientists discovered that there are systems in our bodies that are solely dependent on their interaction with cannabinoids, and these systems are part of vital functions in our bodies.

Basically, our bodies were designed to work with cannabinoids, and they can even be considered as essential to our overall health and wellness. With such a discovery, you’d think we wouldn’t have to cover this next section… but here we go.

Article Credit: Aaron Cadena – 7/4/19